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The National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC)

National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) Vaccine Safety Working Group
April 2008

Presentation by Catherine Morris
logo: THE Keystone CENTER

Level	Description	Goals	Strategies	Tools
Information	Information exchange that ensures preconditions for participation	Raise public awareness Collect public opinion Generate policy momentum	Written communication Electronic communication Verbal communication Visual communication	Opinion poll/survey Public comment periods Public hearing Poster and media campaign
Consultation	Information-processing tools and clear agency input process	Educate the public Stimulate public debate Clarify values Broaden information base Improve decisions	Meet with the public face-to-face Meet with the public online	Public meeting E-consultation
Engagement	Information-processing tools and in some cases shared decision making	Involve citizens in problem solving Involve citizens in decision making Build capacity for implementation Improve outcomes	Meet with the public face-to-face Meet with the public online Delegate authority	Public deliberation Online deliberation
Collaboration	Processes to build capacity for lasting cooperation among groups and policy implementation	Represent stakeholders Involve experts Reduce conflict among interests Improve policy Build capacity for implementation	Establish a federal advisory committee Design developmental processes Share decision making	Multi-stakeholder negotiation Policy consensus process

Source: Adapted from Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development, Promise and Problems of E-Democracy, 2003, Reprinted in Lukensmeyer, Citizen's Guide to Public Deliberation, 2006.

Inform → Consult → Collaborate → Empower

Information Exchange → Information Processing

Speaker focused
Experts deliver information
Citizens air concerns
Participants share anecdotal evidence
Engage “usual suspects”
No group discussion
One-off events

Participant focused
Experts respond to public concerns
Citizens help identify shared concerns
Participants rely on detailed background info
Reach diverse, under-represented population
Small group discussion
Sustained involvement

A Diagnostic Approach

Moore’s Circle of Conflict highlights five causes of conflict: 1) Relationship problems, 2) Data problems, 3) Structural problems, 4) Values differences, and 5) Differing interests. Conflicts relating to interests can be represented as a Satisfaction Triangle, in which the three legs of the triangle are identified as Psychological, Procedural, and Substantive; there must be agreement on in all three areas for resolution to be reached. From Building Teams, Roadmap to High Performance, by Carol Anne Beatty and Brenda Ann Barker Scott, Sage Publications 2005. NOTE: image is not from this source.

Group processes and structures are a function of:

Group dynamics/culture
Substantive and factual issues
Degree of complexity
Level of conflict/congruence
External realities

Some Questions to Consider

Who is affected by the problem?
Who can influence the problem?
What is important to them?
What is the shape of the triangle (substance/facts; emotion/values; process/procedure)
How is the trust level?
Do the parties have the same level of understanding of the facts?
Should more information be obtained?
How do values and roles influence interpretation of the facts?
What is the role of a neutral convenor?

Focuses significantly on

Dialogue & Deliberation Processes	Exploration	Conflict Transformation	Decision- Making	Collaborative Action	Size of Group
21st Century Town Meeting www.americaspeaks.org			X		Hundreds to thousands in 1 room at small tables
Citizen Choicework www.publicagenda.org			X		Multiple small groups
Citizens Jury www.jefferson-center.org			X		Small group
Consensus Conference www.thataway.org/exchange/resources.php?action=view&rid=1492			X		Large group
Deliberative Polling http://cdd.stanford.edu/			X		Up to several hundred people in small groups in 1 room
Dialogue by Design http://www.keystone.org/spp/keystone_dialogues.html	X		X		20-40 people
Future Search www.futuresearch.net		X	X	X	60 to 80 people
National Issues Forums www.nifi.org			X		Up to hundreds in 1 room at small tables
Study Circles www.studycircles.org	X	X	X	X	Up to hundreds meeting in separate small groups; come together later for Action Forum
On-line Group Dialogue www.weblab.org	X	X			Up to hundreds working in small groups online

Source: National Coalition for Dialogue and Deliberation www.thataway.org

Some Guiding Principles:

Meet people where they are; find out where they want to go; help them get there
Strive for transparency
Encourage “Beginner’s Mind”
Find credible and trusted experts
Create a safe environment to explore understanding
Make sure the pathway for implementation is clear
Don’t raise expectations you can’t meet